Amplify the pump-effects of nitrates: human studies suggest how to do it right!

trodizzle

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Amplify the pump-effects of nitrates: human studies suggest how to do it right!

Circulation. 2008 Feb 5;117(5):670-7. Epub 2008 Jan 22.

Hypoxic modulation of exogenous nitrite-induced vasodilation in humans.
Maher AR, Milsom AB, Gunaruwan P, Abozguia K, Ahmed I, Weaver RA, Thomas P, Ashrafian H, Born GV, James PE, Frenneaux MP.

Birmingham University, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.


Abstract
BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that under hypoxic conditions, nitrite may release nitric oxide, which causes potent vasodilation. We hypothesized that nitrite would have a greater dilator effect in capacitance than in resistance vessels because of lower oxygen tension and that resistance-vessel dilation should become more pronounced during hypoxemia. The effect of intra-arterial infusion of nitrite on forearm blood flow and forearm venous volumes was assessed during normoxia and hypoxia.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty healthy volunteers were studied. After baseline infusion of 0.9% saline, sodium nitrite was infused at incremental doses from 40 nmol/min to 7.84 mumol/min. At each stage, forearm blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. Forearm venous volume was assessed by radionuclide plethysmography. Changes in forearm blood flow and forearm venous volume in the infused arm were corrected for those in the control arm. The peak percentage of venodilation during normoxia was 35.8+/-3.4% (mean+/-SEM) at 7.84 micromol/min (P<0.001) and was similar during hypoxia. In normoxia, arterial blood flow, assessed by the forearm blood flow ratio, increased from 1.04+/-0.09 (baseline) to 1.62+/-0.18 (nitrite; P<0.05) versus 1.07+/-0.09 (baseline) to 2.37+/-0.15 (nitrite; P<0.005) during hypoxia. This result was recapitulated in vitro in vascular rings.

CONCLUSIONS: Nitrite is a potent venodilator in normoxia and hypoxia. Arteries are modestly affected in normoxia but potently dilated in hypoxia, which suggests the important phenomenon of hypoxic augmentation of nitrite-mediated vasodilation in vivo. The use of nitrite as a selective arterial vasodilator in ischemic territories and as a potent venodilator in heart failure has therapeutic implications.

"This study actually provides the basis to understand how nitrate/nitrite works and how to reap maximal effects when supplementing with a nitrate based pre-workout product. If you had to summarize the above study with just one single word, it would be: HYPOXIA!

Well, hypoxia is something that happens to lesser or higher degree everytime we train because muscle contraction and contraction-induced increase of fiber diameter leads to a (partial) occlusion of blood vessels within the muscle.

The principle is very easy to comprehend: The higher the amount of contraction-induced increase of fiber diameter, the higher the resulting vessel occlusion will be, resulting in higher levels of local tissue hypoxia. The only variable that now needs to be added is time:

muscle fiber diameter increase x time ~ total amount of blood flow reduction and thus total amount of relative hypoxia



What does that mean practically?

Practically, this means that you should incorporate a high intensity isometric type of exercise for every muscle group (in addition to your usual routine). The isometric point should be at the shortest length of your muscle (=maximal shortening of muscle fiber length and maximal increase in muscle fiber diameter). Take a weight that is at least 75% of your 1RM and then hold it isometrically at the point of shortest muscle length as long as you can (preferrably 30s+). repeat this procedure a few times with 5-10s rests between individual reps.


Importantly: This method will work best at maximum concentric state of the muscle (=shortest muscle length, maximal contraction). This is the position where muscle fiber diameter is largest and muscle belly is biggest.

After that your muscle will be highly hypoxic and vasodilation will be at its maximum. If you have taken nitrates preworkout prepare for some tissue-bursting pumps.


Here is an example on how to maximally contract the biceps: Once in this position (as depicted below), you just need to isometrically hold this position as long as you can. This will be an excellent way to increase local tissue hypoxia and amplify nitrite effects on vasodilation:"

hAVzs2V.jpg


Information provided by Dr_P ThermoLife scientific consultant and is not my own writing.
 

NbleSavage

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Good read! Been doing iso holds on isolation movements (sometimes compound...do pause squats count?) for a while but cool to understand the science behind it.
 

PillarofBalance

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Make it worse... using the above example biceps curl

if you have a training partner after a 5 count squeeze at the top have them pull down on your wrist while you resist as hard as you can on the way down.
 

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